山海經·大荒西經 Classic of the Great Wilds: West

Beyond the Northwestern Sea, in a corner of the Great Wilds, is an unjoined mountain named Buzhou (Incomplete), guarded by two yellow beasts. There is a river called the Waters of Cold and Heat; west of the water is Mount Shi, and east of the water is Mount Mu. There is also the mountain where Yu attacked the realm of Gonggong.

There is a country named Shushi, descended from Zhuanxu.

There are ten divine spirits named the Entrails of Nüwa, who transformed into deities and dwell in the Wilderness of Liguang, stretched across the roadway.

There is a spirit named Shiyi—the arriving wind is named Wei—who dwells in the northwestern corner to govern the length of days and nights of the sun and moon.

There is a crested bird displaying five colors, named the Kuang Bird.

There is Mount Changshan by the Great Marsh, and the Country of White People (Baimin).

Beyond the Northwestern Sea, east of the Red River, is the Country of Long-Shanked People (Changjing).

There is the Country of Western Zhou, bearing the surname Ji, eating grain. There is a man plowing the soil, named Shujun. Thearch Jun begot Lord Millet (Houji), who brought down the hundred grains to earth. Houji's younger brother was Taixi, who begot Shujun. Shujun succeeded his father and Houji in sowing the hundred grains, inaugurating agriculture. There is the realm of Chiguo Qishi. There are the Twin Mountains.

Beyond the Western Sea in the midst of the Great Wilds is Mount Fangshan, atop which grows an azure tree named the Pine of Juige, where the sun and moon rise and set.

Beyond the Northwestern Sea, west of the Red River, is the Country of Heavenly People (Tianmin); they eat grain and control four beasts.

There is the Country of the Northern Di (Beidi). The Yellow Emperor's grandson was named Shijun, who begot the Northern Di.

There is Mount Mang. There is Mount Gui. There is Mount Yao, atop which is a person known as Prince Changqin. Zhuanxu begot Laotong, Laotong begot Zhurong, and Zhurong begot Prince Changqin, who dwelt on Mount Yao and first composed music and melodies.

There are three names for the birds of five colors: one is the huang bird, one is the luan bird, and one is the feng bird.

There is a creature shaped like a hare, hairless and naked from the chest backwards, azure green like an ape.

In the midst of the Great Wilds is a mountain named Fengju Yumen, into which the sun and moon set.

There is Mount Lingshan, where Shaman Xian, Shaman Ji, Shaman Pan, Shaman Peng, Shaman Gu, Shaman Zhen, Shaman Li, Shaman Di, Shaman Xie, and Shaman Luo—the Ten Shamans—ascend and descend from heaven, and where the hundred medicinal herbs grow.

To the west are Mount Wangmu, Mount He, and Mount Hai. There is the Country of Fertile People (Womin), where the Fertile People dwell. In the Wilderness of Wo, they eat the eggs of phoenixes and drink sweet dew; whatever flavor they desire is present therein. Here are sweet flowers, sweet hawthorns, white willows, shirou, three piebalds, fine jades and gemstones, white trees, pearl trees, white cinnabar, azure cinnabar, and abundant silver and iron. The luan birds sing spontaneously, and the feng birds dance spontaneously; all manner of beasts live together in harmonious flocks; this is called the Wilderness of Wo.

There are three azure birds with red heads and black eyes: one named Dali, one named Shaoli, and one named the Qingniao (Azure Bird).

There is the Terrace of Xuanyuan (Yellow Emperor); archers dare not shoot facing west, in awe of the Terrace of Xuanyuan.

In the midst of the Great Wilds is Mount Longshan (Dragon Mountain), into which the sun and moon set.

There are three marsh waters named the Three Nao, where Kunwu grazed his beasts.

There is a person clad in azure garments covering her face with her sleeve, named the Corpse of Nüchou.

There is the Country of Women (Nüziguo).

There is Mount Tao. There is Mount Meng. There is Mount Gui. There is Mount Yutu.

There is the Country of Men (Zhangfuzhiguo).

There is Mount Yanzhou, where birds of five colors look up toward heaven, named Singing Birds; here are all manner of music, songs, and dances.

There is the Country of Xuanyuan. Dwellings south of the river and mountain are auspicious; those who do not live long still attain eight hundred years.

On the islets of the Western Sea is a deity with a human face and a bird's body, wearing two green serpents as earrings and treading upon two red serpents, named Yanzi.

In the midst of the Great Wilds is a mountain named the Sun and Moon Mountain, the pivot of heaven. Through the Heavenly Gate of Wuju, the sun and moon set. There is a deity with a human face and no arms, whose two feet are joined upside-down atop his head, named Xu. Zhuanxu begot Laotong, and Laotong begot Zhong and Li. The Thearch commanded Zhong to lift up heaven and commanded Li to press down earth. Below earth was born Ye, who dwells at the western extremity to regulate the movements of the sun, moon, and celestial constellations.

There is a person with backwards-turned arms, named Tianyu.

There is a woman bathing the moons. Thearch Jun's wife Changxi gave birth to the twelve moons, and is here bathing them for the first time.

There is Mount Xuandan. There are birds of five colors, having human faces with hair. Here dwell qingwen, huang'ao, azure birds, and yellow birds; wherever they gather, that country perishes.

There is a pool named the Pool where Mengyi Attacked Zhuanxu.

In the midst of the Great Wilds is a mountain named Ao'aoju, into which the sun and moon set.

There is a beast with heads on both its left and right sides, named Pingpeng.

There is Mount Wushan. There is Mount Heshan. There is Mount Jinmen, where lies a being named the Corpse of Huangju. There are birds with joined wings (biyi), and white birds with green wings, yellow tails, and dark beaks. There is a red hound named the Heavenly Hound (Tiangou); wherever it descends, war and bloodshed follow.

South of the Western Sea, by the edge of the Shifting Sands, behind the Red River and before the Black River, is a great mountain named the Mound of Kunlun. There is a deity with a human face and tiger's body, patterned with a tail, all white, dwelling there. Beneath it, the abyss of the Ruo River encircles it; outside it stands the Mountain of Blazing Fire, where whatever is cast into it ignites at once. There is a being wearing a victory coronet, with tiger's teeth, a leopard's tail, dwelling in a cave, named the Queen Mother of the West (Xiwangmu). This mountain possesses every single thing in creation.

In the midst of the Great Wilds is Mount Changyang, into which the sun and moon set.

There is the Country of Hanhuang. There are two women, Nüji and Nümie.

There is the Country of Shouma. The Southern Peak married a woman of Mount Zhoushan named Nüqian. Nüqian begot Jige, and Jige begot Shouma. When Shouma stands upright he casts no shadow, and when he shouts aloud he makes no echo. Here is scorching heat, making it impassable.

There is a headless being standing brandishing a dagger-axe and shield, named the Corpse of Xiageng. Formerly, Tang the Completer attacked Jie of Xia at Mount Zhang and vanquished him, beheading Geng before his eyes. Geng stood up already headless, fled his guilt, and descended onto Mount Wushan.

There is a person named Wuhui, whose left side is unusual, lacking a right arm.

There is the Country of Mount Gaishan. There is a tree with red bark, branches, and trunk, and azure leaves, named the Vermilion Tree.

There are the One-Armed People (Yibimin).

In the midst of the Great Wilds is Mount Dahuang, into which the sun and moon set. There is a three-faced person here, the son of Zhuanxu; he has three faces and one arm. Three-faced people never die; this is called the Wilderness of the Great Wilds.

Beyond the Southwestern Sea, south of the Red River and west of the Shifting Sands, there is a person wearing two green serpents as earrings and riding upon two dragons, named Xiahou Kai [Qi]. Kai ascended thrice as a guest to heaven, obtaining the Nine Arguments and Nine Songs to bring down to earth. This is the Wilderness of Tianmu, rising two thousand ren high, where Kai first began to sing the Nine Shao.

There is the Country of the Diren. The Flame Thearch's grandson was named Lingjia, who begot the Diren; they are able to ascend and descend between earth and heaven.

There is a fish withered on one side, named the Yufu (Fish-Woman). When Zhuanxu died, he revived at once: a wind arose from the north, heaven poured forth great springs of water, and a serpent transformed into a fish; this is called the Yufu. When Zhuanxu died, he revived at once.

There is an azure bird with a yellow body, red feet, and six heads, named the Jiaoniao.

There is Mount Dawushan. There is Mount Jin. In the southwest corner of the Great Wilds are Mount Pianju and Mount Changyang.